翻訳と辞書
Words near each other
・ Double shift school
・ Double Shoals Cotton Mill
・ Double Shot
・ Double Shot (Of My Baby's Love)
・ Double Shot (ride)
・ Double Shot!
・ Double sidedness
・ Double Silhouette
・ Double Sin and Other Stories
・ Double Six
・ Double L Excentric Gyratory
・ Double L Site, RI-958
・ Double Lake
・ Double lattice
・ Double layer
Double layer (biospecific)
・ Double layer (interfacial)
・ Double layer (plasma)
・ Double layer forces
・ Double layer potential
・ Double Leaf Society
・ Double Leg
・ Double Leg (trick)
・ Double Life
・ Double Life (album)
・ Double Life (PlayStation ad)
・ Double Life (song)
・ Double lift
・ Double limit theorem
・ Double line (disambiguation)


Dictionary Lists
翻訳と辞書 辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ]
スポンサード リンク

Double layer (biospecific) : ウィキペディア英語版
Double layer (biospecific)

In biological systems, a double layer (DL) is the surface where two different phases of matter are in contact. Biological double layers are much like their interfacial counterparts, but with several notable distinctions.
The surface of biological cells carry many different types of chemical groups, each with a different dissociation constant, causing them to have varying electric charges at a physiological pH. This indicates that biosurfaces are chemically heterogeneous. This biospecific feature is typical for all biosurfaces, including proteins, macromolecules and biological cells.
In certain organisms, cells are covered with the glycocalyx layer, which can be modeled as a polyelectrolyte layer with a volume spread electric charge. This means that the notion of a surface charge is located on certain flat surfaces. This does not apply; instead, the cell surface is a finite thickness polyelectrolyte layer with a volume charge. At equilibrium, the relationship between these polyelectrolyte layers and a fluid bulk is called the Donnan equilibrium. The polyelectrolyte volume charge creates an equilibrated electric potential known as the Donnan potential.〔IUPAC Compendum of Chemical Terminology, 2nd Edition (1997)〕 Part of the Donnan potential is located inside of the polyelectrolyte layer, while the other part is associated with the external DL located in the dispersion medium.
In another feature, the cells are not in an equilibrium with the fluid bulk. There is a constant ion exchange between living cells and a fluid. Consequently, there is a difference in electric potentials between the cell interior and a fluid bulk, known as the transmembrane potential.〔Mitchell, P. Biol.Rev.Cambridge Philos.Soc. 41, 445 (1966)〕 This non-equilibrium potential affects the structure of the DL.〔Redman, K. ''Exp.Cell Res.'', 87, 281 (1974)〕〔Tsoneva.J. and Tomov, T. ''Bioelectrochem.Bioenerg.'', 12, 232 (1984)〕〔Aiuchi, T., Kamo.N and oth., ''J.Bioelectrochem'', 16, 1626 (1977)〕〔Dukhin, A.S. Colloids and Surfaces A, 73, 29-48 (1993)〕
==Notes==


抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
ウィキペディアで「Double layer (biospecific)」の詳細全文を読む



スポンサード リンク
翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース

Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.